Dr. Alisha Fluker is a dual-certified nurse practitioner specializing in women's mental health. The owner of Peace of Mind Psychiatric Services, PLLC, she offers telehealth for anxiety, depression, postpartum, and premenstrual mood disorders, blending conventional and holistic approaches for personalized care.
Have you recently given birth and found yourself wondering if the emotions you're experiencing are typical or something that may require attention? Or, perhaps you're the partner of someone who has just given birth and you're unsure how to best support them. If either of these scenarios resonates with you, keep reading. In this article, we'll dive into postpartum emotions, aiming to shed light on what's normal and when to seek help. We'll use "women" and "mothers" to refer to those who have recently given birth.
Navigating postpartum emotions: A journey of understanding
The postpartum period is often depicted as a joyous time for families, and while it certainly can be, it can also be undeniably challenging. Factors such as genetics, environment, psychological and hormonal fluctuation can contribute to the development of postpartum depression. It's important to identify who might be at higher risk and take proactive steps, even during pregnancy, to reduce the occurrence. While there are several risk factors for postpartum depression, women with a history of bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder may be at higher risk. Postpartum depression can affect anyone, regardless of age, race, marital status, or socioeconomic status. Understanding who is at greatest risk can be protective and potentially lifesaving for the mother and infant.
Additional risk factors for postpartum depression include but are not limited to:
Inadequate Support
Financial Stress
Marital Stress
Complications in pregnancy, birth or breastfeeding
Mothers of multiples
Personal history of postpartum depression
Prenatal anxiety
Defining postpartum depression: Beyond the baby blues
Postpartum depression (PPD) affects approximately 10-15% of women, translating to 1 in 7 mothers. It's important to note that while some women may experience symptoms shortly after childbirth, for others, the symptoms may not surface until up to a year later. Distinguishing between the common "baby blues" and PPD is essential. Baby blues, experienced by 85% of women post-childbirth, is characterized by tearfulness, exhaustion, irritability, and moodiness, typically lasting from 2 days to 2 weeks. However, if symptoms persist beyond this timeframe or significantly interfere with daily functioning, it may be indicative of PPD.
Recognizing the symptoms of PPD: Is it normal or cause for concern?
When determining whether what you're experiencing is typical or warrants professional attention, consider the severity of your symptoms. Are you crying excessively? Losing interest in self-care or caring for the baby? Feeling overwhelming sadness? Additional symptoms may include:
Feelings of guilt
Fatigue
Sleep disturbances
Changes in appetite
Suicidal thoughts
While symptoms of PPD can manifest up to a year postpartum, for many the symptoms present within the first 3 months. If these symptoms persist beyond the initial postpartum period or significantly impact your ability to function, it's time to seek help.
When urgency strikes: Postpartum psychosis
Postpartum psychosis, though rare, is a severe mental health condition requiring immediate medical attention. With symptoms including disorientation, extreme agitation, delusions, and hallucinations, it poses significant risks to both the mother and child's well-being. Prompt intervention is key to ensuring the safety of both. The onset of symptoms can be abrupt and can present anywhere from hours to the first couple of weeks post-birth.
Next steps: Seeking support
If you think you or your partner might be experiencing symptoms of PPD, it's important to seek a clinical assessment as soon as possible. Untreated PPD can affect the bond and attachment between mother and baby, potentially leading to long-term consequences for both. Early treatment can significantly reduce the duration and severity of PPD.
If you're not comfortable seeing a mental health provider right away, consider talking to your OB/GYN or primary care physician (PCP). They can help determine the best course of treatment based on the severity of the symptoms, which may consist of both medication and non-medication options. Remember, you're not alone on this journey, and help is available.
Planning for the future: Postpartum support plan
For those anticipating pregnancy or currently pregnant, it's helpful to create a postpartum support plan before your little one arrives. This proactive step can make the transition smoother and minimize disruptions at home. Consider preparing meals in advance, assigning household duties such as grocery shopping, creating a sleep schedule, identifying who will be part of your support network and asking for help ahead of time. It’s also important to set boundaries with family and friends—this helps to reduce stress and maintain a sense of balance.
Closing thoughts: You’re not alone
Remember, PPD is not a battle you have to face alone. Early detection and intervention are vital in mitigating its impact on families. If you're unsure whether to seek professional help, don't hesitate to ask for guidance. PPD is a formidable challenge, but you can overcome it with the right support and resources. Peace of Mind Psychiatric Services, PLLC is available to help, call us today to schedule a consultation. Together, let’s navigate this journey towards healing and reclaiming the joy of motherhood.
Online resource: Postpartum support international
For additional support and information, check out Postpartum Support International, a valuable online resource dedicated to assisting individuals and families affected by mental health issues related to childbearing.
Read more from Alisha Fluker
Alisha Fluker, Mental Health Clinician and Practice Owner
Dr. Alisha Fluker, DNP is a dedicated women's health and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner with over a decade of experience. She specializes in treating anxiety, depression, premenstrual mood disorders, and postpartum conditions via telehealth for women aged 18-60. Drawing from her personal health journey, Dr. Fluker integrates holistic and conventional treatments. With a background in community, correctional health, and private practice, she empowers patients through compassionate care for emotional balance and self-acceptance.
References:
Women's Mental Health – Massachusetts General Hospital. (n.d.). Postpartum Psychiatric Disorders. Retrieved here.
Postpartum Support International. (n.d.). Postpartum Psychosis. Retrieved here.
Runyion, Anele. (n.d.). Postpartum Depression. Retrieved here.
American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed. Text Revision). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing.
Office of Women's Health. (n.d.). Postpartum Depression. Retrieved here.
Postpartum Support International. (n.d.). Depression. Retrieved here.
Mogielnicki, Juliana. (n.d.). Postpartum Depression: Who is at Risk? Retrieved here.
Women's Mental Health – Massachusetts General Hospital. (n.d.). Prevention of Postpartum Depression. Retrieved here.
