Dr. Trevor Miller and Jessica Miller, RN work on foundational health. Their expertise cover a wide birth of topics giving them the unique ability to recoginze unuasual patterns. This allows them to be able to pick out issues that others have missed or that previous treatments have uncovered.
The world of healthcare is vast and multifaceted, encompassing various approaches to diagnosing and treating illness. Among the most frequently compared are traditional medical doctors (MDs) and functional medicine doctors (FMDs). While both aim to improve patient health, their methodologies, patient experiences and satisfaction levels, as well as their lab testing approaches, often diverge significantly. Understanding these differences can help patients choose a healthcare path that best suits their needs and goals.
Patient experience
Traditional medical doctors
Traditional medical doctors typically work within conventional healthcare systems, also known as acute care or sick care, such as hospitals, clinics, and private practices. This system has yielded these outcomes. The patient experience in these settings often reflects the structure and time constraints of modern medical systems, as well as care dictated by a third party: the insurance companies.
1. Appointment length and focus
The average appointment with an MD lasts between 15 and 20 minutes, with some visits as short as 10 minutes. This limited time often restricts the doctor to addressing immediate symptoms rather than delving deeply into the root causes of health issues. These short times are often dictated by both the insurance company and the patient. Insurance companies pay in time increments and often require lengthy and obtuse documentation to reimburse the doctor for their time. Rather than balance bill the patient and risk upsetting them, doctors keep visits short and to the point. Patients, because they pay large and often exorbitant insurance premiums, do not want much, if any, out-of-pocket expense.
MDs primarily focus on identifying symptoms and prescribing medications based on those symptoms. The approach is often reactive, addressing the condition once it manifests rather than preventing it proactively. This is why FMDs talk about “optimal” ranges rather than “normal” ranges when addressing lab results.
2. Communication style
Interactions between patients and MDs may feel transactional, as doctors often need to manage large patient loads. Patients frequently feel as though they have no input in their care and that they are simply being told what to do.
While many MDs strive for empathetic communication, systemic pressures can make it challenging to provide extensive education or personalized guidance. Additionally, MDs' training in nutrition and nutritional intervention is often limited and lacking when compared to FMDs. Stanford University highlights this gap in nutrition training.
3. Treatment approach
Treatment plans usually involve medications, surgeries, or other interventions rooted in evidence-based practices. However, a flaw in this approach is that “science” is often industry-funded, leading to biases that favor the industries’ methods, such as drugs and surgeries.
Preventative care is often limited to standard screenings, vaccinations, and general advice, such as "eat healthy and exercise." There is very little guidance as to what a “healthy diet” actually entails. See the reference above for further context.
Functional medicine doctors
Functional medicine doctors adopt a holistic, patient-centered approach, which often leads to a markedly different patient experience.
1. Appointment length and focus
Initial consultations with FMDs can last 60 to 90 minutes, allowing ample time to review the patient’s history, lifestyle, and environmental factors.
Follow-up appointments are also longer than traditional medical visits, enabling deeper discussions and fine-tuning of treatment plans. These discussions often focus on nutrition, lifestyle habits like cold plunges, massage, meditation, and saunas for the patient’s benefit. Most practitioners incorporate these modalities into their own routines for health and well-being.
2. Communication style
FMDs prioritize building a partnership with patients, fostering open dialogue to understand their unique needs and health goals. The doctor and patient discuss treatments and therapies together, deciding collaboratively on the best course of action in the patient’s interest.
Education is a cornerstone of functional medicine. Doctors take the time to explain the "why" behind health recommendations, empowering patients to take an active role in their care. This approach helps patients learn how to manage their health independently, reducing reliance on doctors for their well-being.
3. Treatment approach
Functional medicine emphasizes lifestyle interventions, such as nutrition, stress management, sleep optimization, community, and exercise.
Treatment plans are tailored to the individual, often including supplements, alternative therapies, and dietary adjustments alongside conventional treatments, if necessary.
Differences in lab testing
Lab testing is a critical component of both traditional and functional medicine. However, the depth and interpretation of tests differ between the two approaches.
Traditional medical doctors
1. Standardized testing
MDs rely on conventional lab tests to diagnose diseases and monitor treatment effectiveness. These tests include complete blood counts (CBC), lipid panels, metabolic panels, and imaging studies.
Lab testing is typically focused on detecting acute or chronic diseases, such as diabetes, heart disease, or infections. Very little thought or emphasis is placed on the optimization and prevention of disease for the patient.
2. Insurance-driven protocols
Tests ordered by MDs often adhere to insurance company guidelines, which can limit the scope of what is tested.
Labs are interpreted using standardized reference ranges designed to identify overt pathology rather than subtle imbalances.
3. Reactionary approach
Testing is often conducted after symptoms arise or as part of routine screenings, such as annual physicals.
Preventative testing may include basic screenings for cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood sugar, but deeper insights into root causes are rarely explored.
Functional medicine doctors
1. Comprehensive testing
FMDs utilize advanced and integrative lab tests that go beyond standard panels. These may include hormone panels, micronutrient assessments, genetic testing, gut microbiome analysis, and toxin screenings.
The goal is to uncover underlying imbalances that contribute to symptoms, even if the patient has not yet developed a diagnosable disease.
2. Individualized interpretation
Functional medicine labs are interpreted using optimal ranges rather than standard reference ranges. This allows FMDs to identify trends or imbalances before they manifest as disease.
The interpretation often includes a broader view of health, factoring in how different systems in the body interact.
3. Proactive approach
Testing in functional medicine is often preventive, aiming to identify and address potential health issues before they become significant problems.
Patients may undergo detailed evaluations to optimize their health, such as identifying food sensitivities, evaluating adrenal function, or measuring inflammatory markers.
Philosophical underpinnings
Traditional medical doctors
The traditional medical model is rooted in evidence-based medicine and the biomedical approach. It focuses on diagnosing and treating diseases using established protocols and clinical guidelines.
The philosophy emphasizes standardized care, ensuring that patients receive consistent and scientifically validated treatments, often without much consideration for the individual.
Functional medicine doctors
Functional medicine adopts a systems biology perspective, viewing the body as an interconnected network or system rather than isolated parts.
The philosophy centers on personalized care, recognizing that genetics, lifestyle, and environment all contribute to health and disease.
FMDs aim to identify root causes of illness, believing that addressing these underlying factors leads to long-term wellness and optimal health.
The differences between traditional medical doctors and functional medicine doctors highlight two distinct approaches to healthcare. While MDs excel in addressing acute and life-threatening conditions, FMDs offer a personalized, preventive, and holistic approach aimed at optimizing overall health.
Choosing between these approaches depends on individual needs, preferences, and health goals. Patients facing acute medical conditions may benefit more from the expertise of traditional MDs. Conversely, those seeking to improve chronic health issues, prevent disease, or achieve optimal wellness might find functional medicine a better fit.
Ultimately, the ideal healthcare experience may combine elements of both traditional and functional medicine, leveraging their respective strengths to provide comprehensive and personalized care.
Read more from Dr. Trevor Miller and Jessica Miller, RN
Dr. Trevor Miller and Jessica Miller, RN, Integrated Health of Indiana
Dr Miller and Nurse Jessica have dedicated their professional lives to helping people live their best lives. Concentrating on healing from the inside out, they use a program to comprehensively address problems with hormones, foundational gut health, the micrbiome and mitochondrial health. Realizing that these are all tied together and addressing them as a whole leads to happier and healthier pateints.
